Accessible Documents

• The following guidelines apply to all types of documents: Word, PDF, Powerpoint, email messages, course readings, syllabi, assignments, etc!
• Our goal is to make documents accessible to users of assistive technology, but following these guidelines will make your documents more user-friendly for all.

Accessible Document Checklist

Document is Digital, Legible, and Available

• In addition to, or instead of, paper, make documents available in digital form. A physical piece of paper presents a barrier to people with print or vision disabilities.
• Sharing digital documents well in advance of classes or meetings is also an important accessibility consideration.
  
• Scans should be made from clean documents or books, free of notes or scribbles.

Text is Searchable/Selectable

• Can you select the text with your mouse, or copy and paste it? If not, it’s saved as an image, which is not accessible.
• Several tools are available to recognize text in an image-only PDF:
• SensusAccess/Robobraille is a useful and free web service for converting files. 
• Recognize Text with Acrobat Pro 
• Kurzweil is a program that provides text recognition as well as text-to-speech and study support tools. 

Headings and Document Structure 

• Users of assistive technology rely on heading levels to navigate documents and web pages.
• In Microsoft Word, use heading styles to format text headings. 
• How to edit the Word Normal template to change the styling of default headings font, size, etc.
• Avoid floating elements like text boxes. In PowerPoint, use built-in slide layouts and don’t insert additional text boxes.
• Set bulleted lists and columns instead of formatting manually. 

Images and Charts have Descriptions, aka "Alt Text" or "Alt Tags"

• Does an image represent or contain relevant information to your audience? Make sure to add a description for people who cannot see it.
• Add image alt-text in Microsoft Word, PowerPoint, or Outlook
• For simple graphs or charts, a description that includes the relevant information or main “take away” from the chart is sufficient. 
  • For more complex data, add a properly formatted data table as a replacement or supplement.

Proper Use of Color & Adequate Contrast

• Don’t use color to convey meaning. 
• Make sure font sizes and colors are large and easily readable.
• Limit use of background images which can make text difficult to read.
• Here are some tips from Microsoft on color and formatting for accessibility. 
• Don’t set text to justify.

Links are Descriptive, Helpful, and Unique

• Screen-reader users often use a keyboard shortcut to list all the links on a page. In such a list, the links have no surrounding text.
• Make your link names descriptive.
• Instead of “Click here to see our President’s Welcome,” say “See our President’s Welcome.”
• Descriptive link names also make pages more scannable for sighted users.

Accessibility Checkers

Microsoft Word and Adobe Acrobat both contain “Accessibility Checker" tools which scan your document for potential issues. These tools will catch some (but not all!) accessibility issues and offer tips on how to fix them.

• Use the Microsoft accessibility checker
• Use the Acrobat accessibility checker

How to Export from Word to PDF

If you properly export a word document to PDF, it will retain your headings, alt-text, links, lists, etc. 

• If you have Acrobat Pro installed on your computer, use the Acrobat tab in Word to create a PDF.  
• If you don't have Acrobat Pro, choose Save as (Mac) or Export (PC) and select PDF.
• Don’t Print to PDF, as this will not retain your structure, links, etc. 

Need Help?

IT Accessibility-related questions and requests can be entered into the AskIT ticketing system, selecting the category “Accessibility”, or email askit@amherst.edu.

Additional Resources

Microsoft Office Accessibility Center: contains a wealth of resources on creating accessible documents in various formats, as well as accessible templates. 

University of Washington's Creating Accessible Documents

Accessible Documents (Word, Powerpoint, Excel, etc) Cheat Sheets (Courtesy NCDAE)

CAST Center - Universal Design for Learning: Text

edX's Accessibility Best Practices for Developing Course Content.